骶骨前脊膜膨出的研究进展

Research advances in the treatment of anterior sacral meningocele

摘要:

骶骨前脊膜膨出（ASM）是硬脊膜和蛛网膜通过骶骨前方的异常骨性缺损向盆腹腔突出形成的疝囊，临床症状与囊肿对周围组织的压迫程度以及合并的其他病变有关，主要表现为大小便功能障碍、头痛、腰骶神经功能异常等。ASM发病率低，临床表现多样化，容易被误诊，需普外科、泌尿外科、妇产科以及神经外科等多学科医师加深认识。目前，ASM的治疗主要以手术治疗为主，且有多种手术方式，需根据每个患者的具体病情选择最有利的手术方式来确保手术的安全与成功。该文对ASM的发病机制、临床表现、诊断方式、手术方法以及临床治疗策略进行综述，为ASM的诊治提供参考。

Abstract:

Anterior sacral meningocele is a hernial sac formed by the spinal dura mater and the arachnoid membrane protruding into the abdominopelvic cavity through the abnormal bone defect in front of the sacrum， and its clinical symptoms are associated with the degree of compression of the cyst on surrounding tissue and other lesions， with the main manifestations of difficulty in urination and defecation， headache， and lumbosacral nerve dysfunction. ASM has a low incidence rate and a variety of clinical symptoms and is often misdiagnosed， which requires the clinicians in general surgery， urology， obstetrics and gynecology， and neurosurgery to deepen the understanding of this disease. At present， surgery is the main treatment method for ASM and there is a variety of surgical methods， and the most beneficial surgical method should be selected based on the condition of each patient to ensure the safety and success of surgery. This article reviews the pathogenesis， clinical manifestations， diagnosis， surgical methods， and clinical treatment strategies of ASM， so as to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of ASM.