琥珀酸半醛脱氢酶缺陷病

Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency

摘要:

琥珀酸半醛脱氢酶（SSADH）缺陷病是一种少见的常染色体隐性遗传病。本研究总结3例SSADH缺陷病患儿的临床资料并复习相关文献。3例患儿均为婴幼儿，主要表现为智力运动、语言发育落后，抽搐和肌张力低下。3例患儿脑电图均表现异常；2例脑MRI检查异常，表现为大脑脚对称性长T2高信号和基底节损害；3例尿液的气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析均显示4-羟基丁酸增高，根据临床表现及尿液GC-MS分析确诊为SSADH缺陷病。对不明原因发育迟缓、智力运动障碍和癫癎的患儿应早期进行尿液有机酸分析,对明确诊断具有重要意义。

Abstract:

Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. This paper reports three cases of SSADH deficiency in infants. The infants developed the symptoms including developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, hyporeflexia and seizures. The electroencephalogram (EEG) showed background slowing and focal spike discharges in all of 3 patients. Head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated abnormalities in 2 patients, including basal ganglia damage and increased T2-weighted signal in bilateral cerebral peduncles. Urinary organic acid analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed increased levels of 4-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in 3 patients. SSADH deficiency was definitely diagnosed based on the clinical manifestations and the results of urinary organic acid analysis in the 3 children. It was concluded that early urine organic acid analysis is essential for children presenting with mental retardation, neuropsychiatric disturbance or epilepsy of unknown etiology.