中国新生儿疼痛管理循证指南（2023年）

Evidence-based guideline for neonatal pain management in China (2023)

摘要:

疼痛不仅扰乱新生儿的生命体征和内环境稳态，影响康复进程，反复疼痛刺激更是神经发育障碍和部分慢性疾病的重要危险因素之一。为规范和标准化我国新生儿病房的疼痛管理实践，进而有效预防和减轻疼痛对新生儿身心发育的不良影响，国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心（重庆医科大学附属儿童医院）遵循世界卫生组织指南制订的原则和方法，组织多学科专家制定了《中国新生儿疼痛管理循证指南（2023年）》。该指南针对新生儿疼痛的分类及定义、常见致痛源、疼痛评估原则、疼痛评估方法、镇痛原则、非药物镇痛方法、药物镇痛方法、家属参与疼痛管理方法，以及疼痛管理记录方法9个临床问题，基于最佳证据和专家共识形成了26条推荐意见，以期为医护人员实施新生儿疼痛评估与镇痛管理提供指导与决策依据。

Abstract:

Pain disrupts neonatal vital signs and internal environment homeostasis and affects the recovery process, and recurrent pain stimulation is one of the important risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders and some chronic diseases. In order to standardize pain management practice in neonatal wards in China and effectively prevent and reduce the adverse effects of pain on the physical and mental development of neonates, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Diseases (Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University) convened a multidisciplinary panel to formulate the evidence-based guideline for neonatal pain management in China (2023 edition) following the principles and methods for the guideline development issued by the World Health Organization. Based on the best evidence and expert consensus, this guideline gives 26 recommendations for nine clinical issues, i.e., the classification and definition of neonatal pain, common sources of pain, pain assessment principles, pain assessment methods, analgesic principle, non-pharmaceutical analgesic methods, pharmaceutical analgesic methods, parental participation in pain management, and recording methods for pain management, so as to provide medical staff with guidance and a decision-making basis for neonatal pain assessment and analgesia management.