Omicron变异株感染导致儿童热性惊厥的临床特征分析

Clinical features of children with febrile seizures caused by Omicron variant infection

摘要:

目的 分析儿童感染Omicron变异株后发生热性惊厥的临床特征。方法 回顾性收集2022年12月1—31日（Omicron变异株流行期间，设为Omicron组）和2021年同期（非Omicron组）就诊于首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院神经内科热性惊厥患儿的临床资料，分析比较两组患儿的临床特征。结果 Omicron组381例，男性250例，女性131例，平均年龄（3.2±2.4）岁。非Omicron组112例，男性72例，女性40例，平均年龄（3.5±1.8）岁。Omicron组人数明显增多，是非Omicron组的3.4倍。Omicron组1岁~和6~10.83岁两个年龄段患儿占比高于非Omicron组，4岁~和5岁~两个年龄段患儿占比低于非Omicron组（P<0.05）。Omicron组丛集性发作和惊厥持续状态比例高于非Omicron组（P<0.05）。热性惊厥复发患儿中，Omicron组6~10.83岁占比高于非Omicron组，3岁~、4岁~、5岁~占比低于非Omicron组（P<0.05）。结论 儿童感染Omicron变异株后热性惊厥的特征是年龄范围更广，在一次发热病程中丛集性发作和惊厥持续状态的比例增加。

Abstract:

Objective To study the clinical features of children with febrile seizures after Omicron variant infection.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of children with febrile seizures after Omicron variant infection who were admitted to the Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, from December 1 to 31, 2022 (during the epidemic of Omicron variant; Omicron group), and the children with febrile seizures (without Omicron variant infection) who were admitted from December 1 to 31, in 2021 were included as the non-Omicron group. Clinical features were compared between the two groups.Results There were 381 children in the Omicron group (250 boys and 131 girls), with a mean age of (3.2±2.4) years. There were 112 children in the non-Omicron group (72 boys and 40 girls), with a mean age of (3.5±1.8) years. The number of children in the Omicron group was 3.4 times that in the non-Omicron group. The proportion of children in two age groups, aged 1 to <2 years and 6-10.83 years, in the Omicron group was higher than that in the non-Omicron group, while the proportion of children in two age groups, aged 4 to <5 years and 5 to <6 years, was lower in the Omicron group than that in the non-Omicron group (P<0.05).The Omicron group had a significantly higher proportion of children with cluster seizures and status convulsion than the non-Omicron group (P<0.05). Among the children with recurrence of febrile seizures, the proportion of children aged 6-10.83 years in the Omicron group was higher than that in the non-Omicron group, while the proportion of children aged 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years in the Omicron group was lower than that in the non-Omicron group (P<0.05).Conclusions Children with febrile seizures after Omicron variant infection tend to have a wider age range, with an increase in the proportion of children with cluster seizures and status convulsion during the course of fever.