中国儿童川崎病诊疗循证指南（2023年）

Evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Kawasaki disease in children in China (2023)

摘要:

川崎病（Kawasaki disease, KD）是一种急性自限性血管炎性疾病，是引起5岁以下儿童后天获得性心脏病的最常见原因。国家卫生健康委员会发布的2023年儿科质控工作改进目标之一是降低KD患儿心脏事件的发生率及KD相关病死率。为规范我国KD的诊断、治疗和长期管理实践，有效预防、减少冠状动脉病变的发生及远期不良影响，指南工作组遵循世界卫生组织指南制订的原则和方法，参照现有国内外证据和经验形成了《中国儿童川崎病诊疗循证指南（2023年）》。该指南针对KD的分类及定义、不同类型KD的诊断、KD急性期治疗、超声心动图在KD并发症识别中的应用和KD合并巨噬细胞活化综合征的处理等临床问题，基于最佳证据和专家共识形成了20条推荐意见，以期为广大医护人员在儿童KD的诊断与治疗方面提供指导与决策依据。

Abstract:

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute self-limiting vasculitis, and it is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children under 5 years old. One of the improvement goals in pediatric quality control work for the year 2023, as announced by the National Health Commission, is to reduce the incidence of cardiac events and KD-related mortality in children with KD. In order to standardize the diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management practices of KD in China, and effectively prevent and reduce the incidence of coronary artery lesions and long-term adverse effects, the guideline working group followed the principles and methods outlined by the World Health Organization and referenced existing evidence and experiences to develop the "Evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Kawasaki disease in children in China (2023)". The guidelines address the clinical questions regarding the classification and definition of KD, diagnosis of different types of KD, treatment during the acute phase of KD, application of echocardiography in identifying complications of KD, and management of KD combined with macrophage activation syndrome. Based on the best evidence and expert consensus, 20 recommendations were formulated, aiming to provide guidance and decision-making basis for healthcare professionals in the diagnosis and treatment of KD in children.