儿童变应性鼻炎患者新型冠状病毒疫苗接种专家共识

Expert consensus on the COVID-19 vaccination in children with allergic rhinitis

摘要:

面对新型冠状病毒（简称新冠病毒）疫情世界大流行的严峻局面，全社会接种疫苗构建完整的免疫屏障已经成为抗击疫情最经济、最有效的手段之一。截至2021年11月初，我国各地累计报告接种新冠病毒疫苗23亿剂次。近来全国多地已经陆续开始为3~11岁的儿童接种新冠疫苗。变应性鼻炎（AR）是一种常见的儿童呼吸道慢性炎症性病变，需要鼻喷或口服抗过敏药（抗组胺药和糖皮质激素等）进行对症治疗，和/或进行变应原特异性免疫治疗（AIT）建立免疫耐受。为了顺利推进和实施新冠病毒疫苗在AR儿童的接种工作，东方过敏联盟牵头组织了国内知名的耳鼻咽喉科、变态反应科和儿科专家，在系统复习国内外文献证据的基础上，结合专家的临床经验制订了本共识，旨在指导儿童AR患者，特别是接受AIT的患者，进行安全有效的新冠疫苗接种，构建群体免疫的屏障。

Abstract:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic evolves rapidly as a global emergency that demands extensive vaccinations against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to establish an immune barrier to protect against infection/disease efficiently and economically. Up to the early November of 2021, a total of 2.3 billion doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have been performed in China. Recently, children at the age of 3 to 17 have also been introduced to implement SARS-CoV-2 vaccination continuously. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common pediatric chronic inflammation in respiratory tract, and nasal steroid and antihistamine have been extensively used to treat AR as well as allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) which has been used to establish immune tolerance. In order to implement SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in children with AR, the Oriental Allergy Alliance (OAA) specifically organized an expert panel which enrolls a group of well-known experts in the fields of Rhinology, Allergy and Pediatrics to compile this document on the basis of clinical experience and evidences. The document aims to provide practical recommendations for safe and effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in AR children with or without AIT.