新冠肺炎疫情期间医疗机构不同区域工作岗位个人防护专家共识

Expert consensus on personal protection in different regional posts of medical institutions during COVID-19 epidemic period

摘要:

为更好地防控新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）医院感染，保障医疗机构医务人员及其他工作人员的安全，合理使用个人防护用品，中华预防医学会医院感染控制分会、中国医院协会医院感染管理专业委员会、中国感染控制 杂志编辑委员会组织国内专家（包括赴武汉抗疫一线的部分专家）共同制定本共识。本共识主要适用于同时收治新冠肺炎患者和普通患者的医疗机构；指导疫情期间医疗机构一线医务人员合理有效利用防护用品，同时也覆盖了几乎所有非一线医务人员及其他工作人员的防护用品使用。本共识通过评估医疗机构工作人员新冠肺炎暴露的风险，根据暴露风险来确定不同区域不同岗位工作人员的个人防护标准。本共识主要内容还包括：个人防护用品介绍及适用范围，三级防护穿脱流程，个人防护用品异常的防范与应急处理，新型冠状病毒肺炎职业暴露处置流程。同时，本共识特别强调，要合理进行新冠疫情期间医疗机构区域划分，以及重点分诊岗位安排有经验的感染科或呼吸科医生参与分诊，这些是风险评估的前提要求；在选择个人防护用品时，既要防止防护不足，又要避免 滥用与过度使用，以保障工作人员安全为前提，预防新冠肺炎医院感染。

Abstract:

In order to better prevent novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) healthcare-associated infection, ensure the safety of health care workers(HCWs) and other staff in medical institutions, and rationally use personal protective equipment(PPE), Healthcare-associated Infection Control Branch of Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, Healthcare-associated Infection Management Committee of Chinese Hospital Association, and Chinese Journal of Infection Control jointly organize domestic experts (including some experts on the frontline of anti-epidemic in Wuhan) to jointly formulate this consensus. This consensus is mainly applicable for medical institutions which receive and cure both patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and common patients; guide frontline HCWs, non-frontline HCWs, and other staff in medical institutions to rationally and effectively use protective equipment. This consensus determines personal protection standards of staff at different locations and with different working posts through assessment on risk of exposure to COVID-19 among staff in medical institutions. The main contents of this consensus also include introduction and application scope of PPE, putting on and taking off process of three level protection, prevention and emergency treatment of abnormal PPE, treatment process of occupational exposure to COVID-19. At the same time, this consensus particularly emphasizes the rational division of medical institutions during COVID-19 epidemic period, arrange experienced clinicians of departments of infectious or respiratory diseases participate in triage at key triage location, which are the prerequisite requirements of risk assessment; for the selection of PPE, we should not only prevent inadequate protection, but also avoid abuse and overuse, so as to prevent HAI on the premise of ensuring the safety of staff.