中国医疗机构工作人员流感疫苗预防接种指南

Guideline on influenza vaccination for staff in Chinese medical institutions

摘要:

为了加强中国医疗机构工作人员流感疫苗的接种, 中华预防医学会医院感染控制分会联合中国临床实践指南联盟制定了《中国医疗机构工作人员流感疫苗预防接种指南》。本指南结合国内外研究进展和专家意见, 主要关注了7个临床相关问题, 并根据牛津循证医学中心2011版证据质量评估表对研究进行证据评级, 最终形成推荐意见。指南强调了医疗机构工作人员接种流感疫苗的重要性, 降低自身流感患病率可有效减少医院传播风险。本指南建议: 如无禁忌证, 医疗机构工作人员均应积极接种流感疫苗。推荐对感染传播风险极高的工作人员、高危人群和孕妇优先接种流感疫苗。另外, 指南还提供了疫苗的选择、接种时间及接种频次的建议。鉴于目前我国医疗机构工作人员流感疫苗接种率偏低且地区差异明显, 本指南建议进一步加强关于流感疫苗接种的健康教育, 根据各个省市区具体情况, 采取"多元化"方法, 积极开展有组织的接种活动。

Abstract:

To enhance the administration of influenza vaccine among staff in Chinese medical institutions, the Healthcare-associated Infection Control Branch of Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, in collaboration with the China Clinical Practice Guideline Alliance, has formulated the "Guideline on Influenza Vaccination for Staff in Chinese Medical Institutions". This guideline mainly focuses on 7 clinical related issues based on research progress and expert opinions both domestically and internationally. The Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 version of the evidence grading tool was utilized to evaluate study quality and develop recommendations. The guideline emphasize the importance of influenza vaccination for staff in medical institutions, which can reduce their own incidence of influenza and effectively reduce the risk of nosocomial transmission. This guideline recommends that all staff in medical institutions should actively receive influenza vaccination, unless contraindications exist. It is recommended to prioritize influenza vaccination for staff with an extremely high risk of infection transmission, high-risk population, and pregnant women. In addition, the guidelines also provide advice on choice of vaccine, as well as timing and frequency of vaccination. In view of the low vaccination rate of influenza vaccine among staff in medical institutions and significant regional differences in China, this guideline proposes the need for enhancing health education on influenza vaccination, adopting a "diversified" approach according to the specific circumstances of each province and city, and actively carrying out organized vaccination activities.