异常代谢物与肿瘤免疫微环境的改造★

Abnormal metabolites and the modification of tumor immune microenvironment★

摘要:

代谢重编程是肿瘤常见的特征之一，受到细胞内在因素和肿瘤免疫微环境（TIME）中代谢物的调节。微环境中的肿瘤细胞与免疫细胞对营养物质的利用存在竞争关系，肿瘤细胞代谢活性增强会导致免疫细胞所需关键营养物质被过度消耗，并减少抑制肿瘤免疫的代谢副产物的产生和蓄积，进而导致免疫细胞功能障碍。TIME中的肿瘤细胞、免疫细胞和基质细胞均可通过代谢中间物或产物的消耗和分泌来改变TIME，而改造后的TIME亦可反过来影响这些细胞的功能。本文就TIME中的异常代谢物对其的改造进行简要综述，深入了解并揭示异常代谢物与TIME的关系，以期为肿瘤免疫治疗提供理论基础及新的思路。

Abstract:

Metabolic reprogramming, one of the common features of tumors, is regulated by cell-intrinsic factors as well as metabolites in tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Tumor cells in microenvironment compete with immune cells for nutrients. The enhanced metabolic activity of tumor cells will result in excessive consumption of key nutrients which immune cells require, decrease the production and accumulation of metabolites that hinder anti-tumor immunity, and further cause dysfunction of immune cells. Tumor cells, immune cells, and stromal cells in the TIME can all alter the TIME through the consumption and secretion of metabolic intermediates or products, and the altered TIME can in turn affect these cells. Therefore, this review discussed the transformation of TIME by abnormal metabolites in the microenvironment, so as to provide theoretical basis and new ideas for immunotherapy.